KIMS Fertility Care offers more than hope. KIMS specialists, nurses and researchers are working relentlessly to help couples conceive through reproductive surgery. Reproductive surgery may be performed through a major surgical procedure, termed laparotomy, or a relatively minor surgical procedure, termed endoscopy. In a laparotomy, an incision is made in the lower abdomen which enables the surgeon to have direct access to all structures of the pelvis. This procedure requires hospitalization and a 4–6 week period of recovery. Reproductive surgery may also be conducted through endoscopy, which is an outpatient procedure. Endoscopy involves the use of either a laparoscope (a small telescope inserted into the abdominal wall) or a hysteroscope (a small telescope inserted within the uterine cavity). Endosurgic procedures are usually performed on an outpatient basis.